Laterina castle was inhabited ever since very ancient times, as the Etrurian dwellings and the probable Roman settlements of the Augustan age testify. The development of the ancient hamlet started in the 11th century, when deep social transformations brought the populations settled on the planes or in clusters of houses scattered on the hill to gather inside the castle, for safety reasons as well as in order to be closer to the then completed main road, the most important communication and commercial traffic way of Valdarno. In 1272, Arezzo took possession of Laterina to hold up the expansion in Valdarno of the Florentines. Since then for over one century, the castle witnessed bloodshed between the Republic of Florence and the Town of Arezzo. After a series of ups and downs, exactly in Laterina, on the 5th November 1384, the treaty was signed that sanctioned the final defeat of Arezzo and the delivery of the territories of the old village to the Republic of Florence.